Parotidectomy

Parotidectomy

Treatment Duration

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30 Minutes

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45 Minutes

Treatment Cost

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40,000

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1,20,000

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Parotidectomy

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Parotidectomy is also referred to as parotid tumour surgery. It is a surgery that is used to remove the parotid gland. The parotid gland removal surgery is performed for removing the tumour. The clinicians may also perform radiation therapy and chemotherapy to treat the tumour. The parotid gland is a primary salivary gland. It is located in the upper neck extending toward the cheek. It is an important gland because it is the main pathway for the facial nerves. It may play a significant role in facial nerve disorders. In addition, it releases saliva in the mouth, which helps in keeping the mouth dry and aids in swallowing. Salivary gland cancer often starts with the parotid gland. Although they are rare, most parotid tumours are non-cancerous.

 

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What is Parotidectomy?

Parotidectomy is also referred to as parotid tumour surgery. It is a surgery that is used to remove the parotid gland. The parotid gland removal surgery is performed for removing the tumour. The clinicians may also perform radiation therapy and chemotherapy to treat the tumour. The parotid gland is a primary salivary gland. It is located in the upper neck extending toward the cheek. It is an important gland because it is the main pathway for the facial nerves. It may play a significant role in facial nerve disorders. In addition, it releases saliva in the mouth, which helps in keeping the mouth dry and aids in swallowing. Salivary gland cancer often starts with the parotid gland. Although they are rare, most parotid tumours are non-cancerous.

 

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Benefits of Parotidectomy ?

The Benefits of Parotidectomy is 

1) It decreases the disease progression if the tumour is confined to the deep lobe or if the cancer is located in both the deep lobe and the superficial lobe.

Parotidectomy procedure

The procedure of parotid surgery

  1. The surgery to remove the parotid gland can be done by three approaches.
  2. Removing part of the parotid gland: This process is also called superficial parotidectomy. In this procedure, the surgeon removes the tumour part of the parotid gland. The surgeon also cuts some healthy tissues near the tumour. It is done to minimise the chance of tumour spreading.
  3. Removal of the whole parotid gland: This process is known as total parotidectomy. In this surgery, the entire parotid gland is removed by cutting. This process is often recommended in the condition of having larger tumours and for that one that affects the inner part of the parotid gland.
  4. Extensive surgery procedure for larger tumours: A more extensive surgery may be needed if the tumour has spread to nearby bones and muscles of the parotid gland. In this surgery, surgeons also remove all the cancerous tumours and a small amount of healthy tissues.
  5. The surgeon makes a cut near the ear (this incision extends into a natural crease to behind the ear along with the hairline of the patient).
  6. It is taken into consideration not to disturb the physical appearance of the ear.
  7. After going through the skin, the surgeon reaches the parotid gland. Then the tumours are removed by cutting.
  8. A drainage tube may be connected to the parotid gland coming out through the skin. It removes any blood or fluid accumulated after or during surgery.
  9. If a part or entire facial nerve needs to be removed during the surgery, nerve grafting may be performed.
  10. Similarly, if there is a need to remove temporal bone, a bone graft may be performed during surgery.
  11. After the surgery, the skin is closed and sutured. Generally, self-dissolving sutures are used.
  12. The surgeon may also remove the nearby lymph nodes if the tumour has spread to them. It is done to reduce the risk of recurrence of tumours.
  13. The doctor may also perform facial nerve monitoring with the help of electromyography. It is done to preserve the function of facial nerves during parotidectomy.

What to expect before parotid surgery?

  1. Before surgery, the doctor may advise you to stop taking medicines like aspirin and anticoagulants at least two weeks before surgery.
  2. The doctor will advise you to avoid eating and drinking at least 10-12 hours before surgery.
  3. The doctor may order some physical, urine, and blood tests to check the patient's compatibility with the procedure.
  4. If there is a need for transfusion, the blood is also crossmatched with the donor's blood.
  5. The patient may be asked to take the medicines the night before the operation. These medicines are taken to decrease the secretions during the process.
  6. The doctor shaves the skin overlying the lesion to remove the hair, and then it is cleaned with an antiseptic solution.
  7. An intravenous line is attached in the arm of the patient, and then the patient is wheeled into the surgery room.

What to expect on the day of parotid surgery?

  1. Try to reach the hospital a few hours before the surgery starts.
  2. In the pre-operative area, the staff will assess your old medical reports. They will also record your vital signs like heart rate and blood pressure.
  3. The staff will ask the patient to change into a surgical gown.
  4. The patient will check and sign documents like anaesthesia and surgical consent.
  5. An intravenous line will be placed on your arm. It will be used to deliver the medicines during surgery.

What to expect during surgery?

  1. The surgery of parotidectomy is generally performed under the effect of general anaesthesia. That is why you will not feel any pain during the whole procedure. 
  2. An anesthesiologist will inject general anaesthesia into the patient before the surgery.
  3. This surgery is generally done as an out-patient surgery procedure.
  4. A thin tube is also inserted into the mouth up to the throat of the patient. It is done for easing breathing during surgery.
  5. During the whole procedure, all the vital signs like blood pressure, pulse rate, and heart rate are displayed on the monitor in the operation theatre.
  6. The main priority in this procedure is to carefully identify and avoid any damage to the facial nerve. 

Recovery and Post Op care after Parotid Surgery

What to expect after surgery?  

  1.  In the first few postoperative hours, all the patient's vital signs (temperature, blood pressure, and heart rate) are continuously recorded by the nurse staff. 
  2. Your face and neck will feel swollen and sore.
  3. You may feel difficulty in chewing.
  4. You may feel slight nausea and sleepiness.
  5. The drainage tube may be present after the surgery but may be removed after one or two days. (only in case of total parotidectomy)
  6. The doctor will prescribe some painkillers for reducing the pain caused after the surgery.

Risk and Complication of Parotid Surgery

Consult the doctor immediately if you are experiencing any of the following symptoms after completing parotid surgery.

  1. Persistent fever of 101oF/ 30oC or higher.
  2. Redness around the incision.
  3. Swelling around the incision
  4. Hematoma (accumulation of blood in the wound cavity)
  5. Facial weakness.
  6. Numbness around ears.

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