Abortion: Methods, Procedure, Benefits, Risks, Laws & Facts

According to the updated MTP Act 2021, a pregnant woman may terminate pregnancy up to 20 weeks into gestation. Choice to opt for abortion can be due to health concerns or personal choice. 

Are you wondering what the abortion pill costs and is it safe? What are the associated risks for surgical ones? In this blog, we'll answer these questions and explore various types of this procedure.  Read on!

Abortion is the medical procedure of ending a pregnancy by removing the foetus from the womb. It can be an overwhelming decision influenced by individual beliefs, situations, and legal regulations.

One common method is taking an abortion pill to induce termination. This option is recommended primarily in the early stages of pregnancy. 

There are many reasons why a woman would have to go for an abortion. Listed below are the key conditions where termination may be needed:

1. Health Complications: In cases where the gestation poses a risk to the health or life of the pregnant person, abortion may be recommended. This may include ectopic pregnancy (implantation outside the uterus) and severe preeclampsia (hypertension).

2. Foetal Abnormalities: Identifiable defects in the foetus, such as limb reduction, may lead to the decision to terminate the pregnancy.

Abortion procedures vary depending on factors such as the stage of the pregnancy and individual preferences. The main types of abortion include:

Medical

Also known as the "abortion tablets or pill," this method involves:

1. Administration of first medication (mifepristone)

2. Wait period (24-48 hours)

3. Administration of second medication (misoprostol)

4. Expulsion of the embryo or foetus from the uterus

Surgical

This involves procedures performed by a healthcare provider to remove the pregnancy from the uterus. The specific method used may differ based on gestational age and medical history. Common approaches include:

1. Vacuum Aspiration (Suction Curettage): This procedure involves suctioning to remove the embryo or foetus from the uterus (womb). The method is preferred during the first trimester. 

1. Anaesthesia is administered.

2. The cervix is dilated.

3. A thin tube connected to a vacuum device is inserted into the uterus.

4. A curette may be used to ensure the uterus is empty.

5. The procedure usually lasts for 5 to 10 minutes.

2. Dilation and Evacuation: Similar to D&C, it is used for pregnancies further in gestation (second trimester). It involves dilating the cervix and using surgical instruments to remove the foetus and placental tissue. The step-by-step process is as follows:

1. Anaesthesia is administered.

2. The cervix is dilated for a few hours to a day before the procedure.

3. Forceps and suction are used to remove the foetus and placental tissue from the uterus.

4. The procedure may take 10 to 20 minutes.

Preparation and understanding of what to expect before and on the day of abortion are crucial for individuals undergoing the procedure. It normally goes in the following way:

Before Surgery 

Preparation prior to surgery is essential for ensuring safety and optimal outcomes. The overview of important considerations are:

On the Day of Surgery

Preparation and procedural steps on the day of surgery are critical for ensuring a smooth and safe experience. The outline is given below.

After the surgical abortion, care and monitoring are needed to ensure a smooth recovery process. Patients receive instructions for self-care and are checked for any complications.

The Recovery Process in Hospital 

Patients undergo a monitored recovery period in the hospital post-surgery to ensure their well-being. The following is what patients can expect:

1. Observation for vital signs and potential complications.

2. The patient will be provided with pads for post-surgery bleeding.

3. Pain management with medications, if needed.

4. Monitoring for any adverse reactions to anaesthesia or surgery.

Recovery Process/Expectation After Hospital Discharge

Upon discharge, patients continue their recovery process at home, following specific guidelines to promote healing and minimise discomfort. 

1. Rest and limited activity to aid recovery.

2. Pain management medication as prescribed.

3. Monitoring signs of infection or other complications.

First Follow-Up Appointment

The first follow-up appointment after discharge is crucial for assessing recovery progress and addressing any concerns or complications. One can expect:

1. Evaluation of recovery status and healing process.

2. Discussion of any ongoing symptoms or issues.

3. Further instructions for post-operative care.

While abortion is generally considered safe, like any medical procedure, it carries potential complications. Understanding these risks is important for making informed decisions and ensuring proper medical care:

1. Risk of infection in the uterus or pelvic area

2. Heavy bleeding may require medical intervention

3. Failure to completely remove all pregnancy tissue from the uterus

4. Allergic reactions to medications, such as rash, itching, and swelling

5. Damage to the womb

When to consult a doctor?

It's important to consult a doctor if the woman experiences any concerning symptoms or complications following an abortion procedure. The key aspects to keep in mind are:

1. Heavy or prolonged bleeding

2. Severe abdominal pain or cramping

3. Fever or chills

4. Foul-smelling vaginal discharge

5. Signs of infection, such as redness, warmth, or swelling

The surgery and abortion pill cost differs due to factors such as the gestational age of the pregnancy. However, the general cost ranges are:

Note: The figures mentioned above are just estimates. Please contact HexaHealth experts for accurate information.

Factors that may affect the cost of abortion include:

1. Gestational Age: The stage of pregnancy can impact the complexity of the procedure and may influence the cost.

2. Location: Prices differ based on the region where the procedure is performed.

3. Additional Services: Anaesthesia, laboratory tests, or ultrasounds may incur extra charges.

4. Insurance Coverage: This may affect out-of-pocket expenses for abortion services.

Deciding whether to undergo an abortion can be emotionally challenging. However, it's essential to prioritise your well-being. Seeking support from trusted doctors and family members can help you make informed choices.

HexaHealth is here to support you every step of the way. Our healthcare providers offer confidential consultations and personalised care. Whether you have questions about how abortion kits work, their costs and risks, we are here to provide you with resources and guidance. Get in touch!

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