Bartholin Cyst - Symptoms, Causes, Images & Treatment

Did you know around 2% of all women can develop Bartholin cysts at some point? These lumps, found near the vaginal opening, are often harmless but can be a source of discomfort. 

Despite being relatively common, many individuals may not be familiar with this condition. This blog will discuss Bartholin cyst symptoms, causes, and treatment options available for those affected. Read on!

Bartholin cyst, a fluid-filled sac that develops on one of the Bartholin glands, located on sides of the vaginal opening. These glands secrete fluid, which helps lubricate the vagina.

Bartholin's lumps can progress through various stages, indicating the severity of the condition and treatment choice. The following table outlines the key grades:

Bartholin cyst symptoms can range from mild discomfort to severe pain. This depends on the size and progression of the lump. 

The major signs associated with this condition are as follows:

1. Swelling or redness near the vaginal opening

2. Discomfort during activities like walking or sitting

3. Pain during sexual intercourse

4. Formation of a visible lump or mass

5. Presence of pus if the growth becomes infected

6. Fever or chills in cases of severe infection

One of the major Bartholin cyst causes involves blockages in the ducts of the Bartholin's glands. However, these clogs can also occur due to other factors, leading to the development of the lumps. The significant elements include:

1. Infection: Bacterial growth in the blocked ducts can cause inflammation. This may result in the development of an infected lump.

2. Sexually Transmitted Infections: Certain STIs, such as gonorrhoea or chlamydia, can cause issues in the Bartholin's gland ducts, leading to lumps.  

Bartholin Cyst Risk Factors

Several factors may increase the likelihood of developing Bartholin’s bumps. Understanding the key elements can help individuals identify potential triggers. These include:

1. Age: Women, mostly between 20 and 30 years old, are more prone to developing vaginal lumps due to hormonal changes.

2. Sexual Activity: Engaging in sexual intercourse, especially with multiple partners, can enhance the risk of bacterial infections. This can eventually lead to bumps.

3. History of Bartholin Cysts: Individuals who have previously experienced this condition are at a higher risk of recurrence.

4. Trauma or Injury: Damage to the glands or surrounding tissue, such as during childbirth, can increase the risk of growth formation.

While Bartholin gland cysts may not always be preventable, certain lifestyle changes and dietary considerations can help reduce the risk. The recommendations for prevention are categorised into dos and don'ts below.

To diagnose Bartholin's growth, healthcare providers use several methods to identify and assess the condition. The key steps involved are:

1. Medical History: Gathering information about symptoms, previous occurrences, and sexual activity helps understand the patient's health status.

2. Physical Examination: A doctor assesses the genital area for swelling, redness, and tenderness near the vaginal opening.

3. Pelvic Exam: The medical professional will conduct a thorough pelvic test to examine the presence, size, and characteristics of the lump.

4. Fluid Analysis: If the bump produces any pus or discharge, it may be collected and tested for infections like STIs.

How to prepare for the doctor’s consultation?

Medical consultation is essential for effective and optimal healthcare outcomes. The tips below can assist patients in making the most of their visit:

1. Preparation: Schedule an appointment in advance, arrive on time, and complete any necessary registration paperwork. Bring along the medical history, including any relevant test results or medications.

2. Questions to Ask: The inquiries can be about the potential causes, symptoms, and treatment options. This helps to maintain realistic expectations.

Bartholin cyst treatment varies depending on the severity of symptoms and the presence of infection. The overview is provided below.

Home Treatment

Mild lumps may be managed at home with relievers to alleviate discomfort and promote cyst drainage. Let’s see how:

1. Take warm sitz baths several times a day.

2. Over-the-counter pain relievers can be prescribed to manage pain and inflammation.

3. Avoid sexual activity until the cyst has healed to prevent irritation or infection.

Medication

Medicines may be prescribed to prevent and treat bacterial infections. Generally, a gynaecologist may recommend the following:

1. Antibiotics and pain relievers may be recommended to alleviate discomfort.

2. Topical ointments and warm compresses may help reduce inflammation and promote healing.

Surgical intervention may be necessary for individuals experiencing recurrent or severe symptoms. The options available are: 

1. Marsupialisation: It involves making a small incision in the lump to drain fluid and then stitching the edges of the wall.

2. Excision (Bartholin Cyst Removal): Surgical removal of the entire cyst and affected gland to prevent recurrence and alleviate symptoms.

Note: The treatment method chosen is based on the patient's health and the doctor’s opinion.

Estimated Costs of Bartholin Cyst Treatment

The costs associated with Bartholin cyst removal can vary depending on factors such as the severity of the condition and the chosen treatment approach. However, the general overview is provided below.

Note: The values listed above are all estimated. To get accurate pricing information, contact HexaHealth.

Delaying Bartholin cyst treatment can lead to various complications, potentially worsening the condition. The risks associated with leaving this condition untreated are:

1. Infection: Delaying treatment can cause the lump to become infected, leading to increased pain and swelling. It can also spread to other organs and cause additional issues like septicemia (blood poisoning). 

2. Abscess Formation: An untreated lump can develop pus, causing intense pain, fever, and dyspareunia (painful intercourse).

When to consult a doctor?

The specific situations when patients should seek medical attention are:

1. Difficulty or pain during sexual intercourse.

2. Redness, tenderness, or inflammation in the genital area.

3. Formation of a visible abscess or pus drainage from the cyst.

4. Worsening symptoms despite home remedies or over-the-counter treatments.

5. Recurrence of Bartholin’s lumps or abscesses.

By understanding the causes and signs of Bartholin cysts, individuals can take proactive steps to address the condition effectively. Whether opting for home remedies, medications, or surgical procedures, consulting a professional ensures expert care.

At HexaHealth, we understand the importance of top-notch healthcare support. We connect individuals with doctors who offer precise diagnoses and top Bartholin cyst treatment options. So, why wait? Contact us today!