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Hello Sayantani Ji,Thank you for your question. Managing confidentiality, especially with minors, requires balancing ethical guidelines and the child's best interests. Generally, doctors are committed to maintaining patient confidentiality—even for adolescents under 18. However, when it comes to behaviors like smoking that can impact a child's health, the approach can be nuanced:Confidentiality:Typically, the doctor will maintain confidentiality regarding a minor’s personal habits. Disclosure to parents without the child’s consent is usually avoided unless there is a significant and immediate health risk.Encouraging Open Communication:Many healthcare professionals encourage discussing health concerns, including smoking, with parents so that supportive steps can be taken. Ideally, this conversation should involve the minor, allowing the doctor to explain the health risks and help them make informed choices. A doctor can strongly encourage a supportive, open discussion if the health risks are significant....